CAMBRIDGE EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY SERVICES

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Disorder

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition caused by prenatal alcohol exposure. It is most commonly linked to alcohol use during pregnancy, although researchers are also exploring the impact of paternal alcohol use before conception.

At CEPS, we see FASD as a difference, not a deficit. We work with compassion—not judgement—and walk alongside whānau as trusted partners. Our focus is on reducing stress, building on strengths, and supporting positive relationships across your home and school and community environments.

FASD can impact:

Learning
Behaviour
Memory
Attention
Impulse control
Emotional regulation

Common Signs of FASD

Poor short-term memory and slow processing speed
Difficulty with emotional regulation and impulse control
Challenges with executive functioning and recognising consequences
Immature behaviour compared to peers
Co-occurrence with conditions such as ADHD or Autism

How is FASD Identified?

FASD is usually diagnosed after age 8 through cognitive testing. A registered psychologist or medical specialist may:

Assess at least three areas of brain function
Use standardised tools and whānau interviews
Consider developmental history and functioning across environments

What Causes FASD?

FASD is not a reflection of parenting or personal choice. It is linked to systemic and intergenerational factors, including:

Alcohol exposure during pregnancy
The legacy of colonisation and cultural disruption
Limited access to culturally safe healthcare and education

A Māori Perspective on FASD

Māori communities are disproportionately affected by FASD due to the lasting impacts of colonisation, systemic inequities, and the introduction of alcohol into Māori society. Tino rangatiratanga (self-determination), mātauranga Māori (Māori knowledge systems), and whakawhanaungatanga (relationships) are key to understanding and addressing FASD in Māori communities.

At CEPS, we are committed to a bi-cultural approach that honours Te Tiriti o Waitangi. We work in culturally responsive ways, partnering with whānau and communities to support all tamariki and rangatahi in a way that celebrates their identity, language, culture and strengths..